Two-cycle explosion-motor.



L, PALOUS. 7 TWO CYCLE EXPLOSION MOTOR.

'APPLIOATION ring]: no. 25, 1911;

" PatehfiedOcfi. 15, 1912.

UNITED STATES 1; 'FFIGE.

Lnoiv PALOUS, or BERLIN, ennnnnv.

TWO-CYCLE "exPLosIoiv-Moroa.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented 0013.15, 1912.

Application filed December 26, 1911. Serial No. 667,799;

To'aZZ whom it may concern:

.Be it known that 1, Leon PALo 's, a subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, residi ng at VVilmersdorf, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, have invented a .neW and useful Two-Cycle Explosion-Motor,

of which the following is a'specification.

My invention relates to improvements in "two-cycle explosion motors of the kind, in

which gas is sucked into the crankshaft casing or a special chamber and is compressed therein, or in which fresh air alone is sucked into the crankshaft casing or a special chamber and is slightly compressed therein, after which gas is admitted into the slightly compressed air prior to admission'to the combustion chamber, and my improvement has for its object to essentially simplify the motor' by omitting complicated positively .driven organs. According to my invention a special mixing chamber valve is provided in a valve box on the cylinder, which'mixing chamber valve normally divides a middle 'valve chamber communicating with the crankshaft casing or special chamber through a channel in the jacket of the cylinder from the upper valve chamber, which communicates through a by-passage and a narrow opening with the lower valve chamber that in turn communicates with an inlet in the cylinder. A vertical channel is provided in the valve box terminating in the bottom of the lower valve chamber and serves for supplying liquid combustible.

The mixing chamber valve is by its spindle rigidly connected. with a small yalve con.- trolling the said channelfor liquid combustible. The piston is on its upper side pro- Vided with abent tube, the'lower inner end of which normally faces the inside of the cylinder and is adapted to periodically register with the inlet for receiving the stream of mixture, while the upper outer end of the tube-is adapted to conduct the stream of mixture upward'into an igniting vessel on 'the cover, so tliatat the end of the upward stroke of the piston the compressed mixture can be ignited by contact with the igniting vessel heated by the compression of .the mixj compressed air from or special chamber, *Opened the mixing chamber ture. On-the piston reaching its lowestposition it uncovers the inlet, whereupon the the crankshaft casing which meanwhile had passed through the upper valve chamber, the

by-passage and the narrow opening into the ports 4 and 14. The channel 5 valve and lower valve chamber, sucks in'liquid combus tible from the channel n'dinjects it through the bent tube upw ardinto the cylinder. The

channel in the jacket passing around the outlet serves for preliminarily heating thecompressed air on its wayto the middle valve chamber. v

I will now.v proceed to describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawing, whichrepresents a vertical cross section through the improved two-stage ex-' plosion motor.

18' denotes a closed crankshaft casing, in

which the crankshaft 19 having cranks 20 is.

mounted to turn; On the cas1ng'l8 is'fastened-a'cylinder '2, which is shown to have a 'jacket 22 communicating with an inlet 23' The and an outlet 24 for the cooling water. jacket 22, however, .does not include the whole cylinder 2 but only a partof the same as there is a channel 5 left. The cylinder 2 has an air-inlet 8, an inlet 14 for the mixture and an outlet 4 for the spent products of combustion- The air-inlet 3, the inlet 14 and the outlet 4 pass through the jacket 5 and are therefrom separated by tubularwalls, as is clearly shown surrounding the passes around the outlet 4 and communicates on the one hand with the casing 18 through a mouth 21 and on the other hand with'an opening 6. A valvebox 25 is fastened on the cylinder 2 and comprises three" superposed valve chambers 31, 7 and 8, of which the middle chamber 7 communicates with the mentioned opening 6 and the lower chamber 8 with the inlet 14. The top of the middle valve chamber 7 farms a seat for a mixing chamber valve 9, which is rigidly connected with a vertical spindle 11 and opens into the upper valve chamber. 31, which communicates through a by-passage 27 and a narrow opening 12 with the lower valve chamber 8. The spindle 11 is suitably guided in the partition 26 and in the cover is permitted to engage as usual. The recess 29 on the right is not visible, as the channel 5,.which may be assumed to be onthc side of the cylinder 2' opposite to the air-inlet 3, is shown as turned through an angle of 90, inorder to show its construction. The piston 1 is on its upper side provided with a bent t ube 15, the lower inner end 15 of which normally faces the inside of the cylinder 2and can periodically register with the inlet 14, while the upper end is directed upward and can engage in the mouth of the igniting vessel 17 for the highest position of the piston 1, as is indicated by dotted lines. The height of the piston 1 happens to be equal. to its stroke, that is equal to sothat the horizontal portion of the bent tube 15 remains just beneath the underside of the cover 28 and its vertical portion engages in the mouth of the igniting vessel '17' as-explained above The outlet 4 of course remains closed by the piston 1. For the lowest position of the piston 1 its lower end gh may occupy a position indicated by the dotted line @.j, while its upper end '0-cZ occupies a position indicated by the dotted line ef, so that the inlet 14 and the outlet 4 are uncovered by the pis't'on'and the lower end 15 of the bent tube 15 regis ters with the inlet 14.

The two-cycle explosion motor. described operates as follows: When the piston 1 occupies its highest position, both the inlet 14 and the outlet at are closed, while the airinlet 3 is uncovered, so that air is permitted to enter the lower portion of the cylinder 2 and the interior of the crankshaft casmg 18. Of course also the channel 5 'fromthe mouth 21 up to the opening 6 and the mid-.

dle valve chamber 7 are filled up with air sucked in during previous cycles of the motor, which air is preliminarily heated. by contact with the hot walls of theoutlet 1. WVhen the piston 1 descends, it soon closes the air-inlet 3 and compresses the air below and forces it from the cylinder 2 into the crankshaftcasing 18, so that the air 0011- tained in the casing 18, the channel 5 and the middle valve-chamber ,7 attains a certain pressure and opens the mixing chamber valve 9 and thereby also the channel 10 for liquid combustible, whereupon the compressed air fills up the.by-passage 27 and through the opening 12 also the lower valve chamber 8 andthe inlet- 14 to the periphery v and 'the bent tube 15 into thev cylinder 2- up- 1 ward. The expelling of spent gases will be accomplished during the: motion of the piston 1 down to its lowest position and" through a small .portion of the up-stroke until the piston 1 closes the outlet 4 Of coursethe injection of mixture will have ceased at the moment, that the. piston 1 again closes the inlet 14, after which the .mixing chamber .valve. 9 by reason ofjits own weight closes its seat and-by the taper- I ing end of the spindle 11 also the channel 10. Thereupon the fresh-mixture in the u per, portion 16 of the cylinder 2 will 8e compressed during the upward motion of the piston 1. About at the moment that the piston lattains it's highest position the hot- Igniting vessel 17 will have been so much' heated by the compression of the mixture-'- as to ignite the mixture and thus to producean explosion; The power of the expanding gases forces the piston 1 during the following stroke downward until the outlet 4 is uncovered by the piston, whereupon a. 'part escapes from the cylinder 2 through the outlet 4. Duringthe up-stroke of the 'of the spent products of combustipn at once piston, just described, the piston creates a vacuum in crank-shaft casing 18,v and as soon as the lower end gh of the piston reaches a point' to uncover the air inlet of,

the air is sucLed or drawn into the casing.

ready to be forced through passage 21into' the preliminary compression and heating chamber 5, from which it is conducted, as described, tothe mixing chamber 8 ready to be discharged through 'inlet14 into the tube 15 The downstroke of'the piston does not uncover the air inlet 3; the inflow of air to the chamber 16 is caused by the compression of air in the crank shaft. casing 18 and chamber 5, which is compressed bythe piston to a pressure a little'higher than the. atmosphere. Afterward the whole series of occurrences described above will be repeated.

The two-cycle explosion motor presents the advantage, that a pump for sucking in, air is dispensed with and consequently all.- danger of the formation of a wrong mixture is avoided. At the same time all complicated and positively driven devices for the injection of the liquid combustible are saved. Any kind of liquid combustible can be used for. working the explosion motor, that is not only the lighter combustibles such as benzin and the like, but also'thej}? heavier hydrocarbons and oil, which means,

said cylinder, an air compression chamber substantially inca'sing the lower portion, of said cylinder, a valve-box having three superposed valve chambers, the central of said ;chambers communicating with, said' compressed air chamber, the 'upper of said valve chambers being positioned above and extending around said central valvechamher,- and communicating with the lower valve chamber, said lower valve chamber operating to communicate with the piston chamber upon the down stroke of the piston, means for introducingfuel into said lower valve chamber, and a valve operated 'by the compression of air upon each stroke of the piston for simultaneously admitting air to the upper valve chamber and fuel to said lower valve. chamber.

2 In an explosive motor of the typedescribed, a piston cylinder, an air compression chamber and a water chamber substantially incas'ing said cylinder, a valve-box positioned exteriorly of the piston cylinder, said valvebox containing three superposed valve chambers, the middle of which chambers communicates with the an compression chamber, and

falso with-the upper valve'chamber, said up-. per, valve chamber communicating with the lower valve chamber, a source of fuel supply communicating with the lower valve chamber, a member separating said middle valve chamber and said lower valve chamber, a valve operable by the compression of air on the down stroke of the piston for regulating thepassage of air from said middle valve chamber to-said upper valve chamber and lower valve chamber, respectively, and a spindle carried by said valve and operating upon the movement of said valve to simultaneously admit fuel to said lower valvechamber when air. isadmitted thereto, for;

the purpose specified.

3. In an explosive motor of thetype de- I scribed, the combination, with an air compi-ession chamber,.a'pisto-n chamber, and a" piston, of a valve-box-provided with three superposed valve chambers, a member'closing the upper part of said upper valve chamber, another memberseparating the middle valve chamber from the lower valve chamber, and a valve operating to control the passage ofcompress'ed air from the, air. compression' chamber and the middle valvechamber'to the upper valve chamber and the lower valve chamber, respectively, the upward movement ofrsaid valve being controlled by the downs'troke of the piston, a fuel port to said-lower valve chamber and a-spindle secured to said valve andoperating to control the passage of fuel through said fuel port to said lower'v'alvechamber simultaneously 1 with the admisslon'of air 'to' said lower valve chamber, for the purpose specifiedl I,

I LEON PALOUS'. Witnesses:

VVO DEMAR HAUIBT, HENRY HAsrnR. 

